The mix-blend-mode
CSS property sets how an element's content should blend with the content of the element's parent and the element's background.
/* Keyword values */
mix-blend-mode: normal;
mix-blend-mode: multiply;
mix-blend-mode: screen;
mix-blend-mode: overlay;
mix-blend-mode: darken;
mix-blend-mode: lighten;
mix-blend-mode: color-dodge;
mix-blend-mode: color-burn;
mix-blend-mode: hard-light;
mix-blend-mode: soft-light;
mix-blend-mode: difference;
mix-blend-mode: exclusion;
mix-blend-mode: hue;
mix-blend-mode: saturation;
mix-blend-mode: color;
mix-blend-mode: luminosity;
mix-blend-mode: plus-darker;
mix-blend-mode: plus-lighter;
/* Global values */
mix-blend-mode: inherit;
mix-blend-mode: initial;
mix-blend-mode: revert;
mix-blend-mode: revert-layer;
mix-blend-mode: unset;
mix-blend-mode = <blend-mode> | plus-darker | plus-lighter <blend-mode> = normal | multiply | screen | overlay | darken | lighten | color-dodge | color-burn | hard-light | soft-light | difference | exclusion | hue | saturation | color | luminosity <div class="grid">
<div class="col">
<div class="note">
Blending in isolation (no blending with the background)
</div>
<div class="row isolate">
<div class="cell">
normal
<div class="container normal">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<defs>
<linearGradient id="red">
<stop offset="0" stop-color="hsl(0 100% 50%)" />
<stop offset="100%" stop-color="hsl(0 0% 100%)" />
</linearGradient>
<linearGradient id="green">
<stop offset="0" stop-color="hsl(120 100% 50%)" />
<stop offset="100%" stop-color="hsl(120 0% 100%)" />
</linearGradient>
<linearGradient id="blue">
<stop offset="0" stop-color="hsl(240 100% 50%)" />
<stop offset="100%" stop-color="hsl(240 0% 100%)" />
</linearGradient>
</defs>
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
multiply
<div class="container multiply">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
darken
<div class="container darken">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
screen
<div class="container screen">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
lighten
<div class="container lighten">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
overlay
<div class="container overlay">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
color-dodge
<div class="container color-dodge">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
color-burn
<div class="container color-burn">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
hard-light
<div class="container hard-light">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
soft-light
<div class="container soft-light">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
difference
<div class="container difference">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
exclusion
<div class="container exclusion">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
hue
<div class="container hue">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
saturation
<div class="container saturation">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
color
<div class="container color">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
luminosity
<div class="container luminosity">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
plus-darker
<div class="container plus-darker">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
plus-lighter
<div class="container plus-lighter">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="note">Blending globally (blend with the background)</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="cell">
normal
<div class="container normal">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
multiply
<div class="container multiply">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
darken
<div class="container darken">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
screen
<div class="container screen">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
lighten
<div class="container lighten">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
overlay
<div class="container overlay">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
color-dodge
<div class="container color-dodge">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
color-burn
<div class="container color-burn">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
hard-light
<div class="container hard-light">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
soft-light
<div class="container soft-light">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
difference
<div class="container difference">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
exclusion
<div class="container exclusion">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
hue
<div class="container hue">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
saturation
<div class="container saturation">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
color
<div class="container color">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
luminosity
<div class="container luminosity">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
plus-darker
<div class="container plus-darker">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
plus-lighter
<div class="container plus-lighter">
<div class="group">
<div class="item firefox"></div>
<svg class="item" viewBox="0 0 150 150">
<ellipse class="item R" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item G" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
<ellipse class="item B" cx="75" cy="75" rx="25" ry="70"></ellipse>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
html,
body {
height: 100%;
box-sizing: border-box;
background: #eee;
}
.grid {
width: 100%;
display: flex;
font: 1em monospace;
}
.row {
display: flex;
flex: 1 auto;
flex-direction: row;
flex-wrap: wrap;
height: auto;
}
.col {
display: flex;
flex: 1 auto;
flex-direction: column;
height: auto;
}
.cell {
margin: 0.5em;
padding: 0.5em;
background-color: #fff;
overflow: hidden;
text-align: center;
}
.note {
background: #fff3d4;
padding: 1em;
margin: 0.5em 0.5em 0;
font: 0.8em sans-serif;
text-align: left;
white-space: nowrap;
}
.note + .row .cell {
margin-top: 0;
}
.container {
position: relative;
background: linear-gradient(to right, #000 0%, transparent 50%, #fff 100%),
linear-gradient(to bottom, #ff0 0%, #f0f 50%, #0ff 100%);
width: 150px;
height: 150px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
.R {
transform-origin: center;
transform: rotate(-30deg);
fill: url(#red);
}
.G {
transform-origin: center;
transform: rotate(90deg);
fill: url(#green);
}
.B {
transform-origin: center;
transform: rotate(210deg);
fill: url(#blue);
}
.isolate .group {
isolation: isolate;
}
.normal .item {
mix-blend-mode: normal;
}
.multiply .item {
mix-blend-mode: multiply;
}
.screen .item {
mix-blend-mode: screen;
}
.overlay .item {
mix-blend-mode: overlay;
}
.darken .item {
mix-blend-mode: darken;
}
.lighten .item {
mix-blend-mode: lighten;
}
.color-dodge .item {
mix-blend-mode: color-dodge;
}
.color-burn .item {
mix-blend-mode: color-burn;
}
.hard-light .item {
mix-blend-mode: hard-light;
}
.soft-light .item {
mix-blend-mode: soft-light;
}
.difference .item {
mix-blend-mode: difference;
}
.exclusion .item {
mix-blend-mode: exclusion;
}
.hue .item {
mix-blend-mode: hue;
}
.saturation .item {
mix-blend-mode: saturation;
}
.color .item {
mix-blend-mode: color;
}
.luminosity .item {
mix-blend-mode: luminosity;
}
.plus-darker .item {
mix-blend-mode: plus-darker;
}
.plus-lighter .item {
mix-blend-mode: plus-lighter;
}
HTML
<div class="isolate">
<div class="circle circle-1"></div>
<div class="circle circle-2"></div>
<div class="circle circle-3"></div>
</div>
CSS
.circle {
width: 80px;
height: 80px;
border-radius: 50%;
mix-blend-mode: screen;
position: absolute;
}
.circle-1 {
background: red;
}
.circle-2 {
background: lightgreen;
left: 40px;
}
.circle-3 {
background: blue;
left: 20px;
top: 40px;
}
.isolate {
isolation: isolate; /* Without isolation, the background color will be taken into account */
position: relative;
}
Result
SVG
<svg>
<g class="isolate">
<circle cx="40" cy="40" r="40" fill="red" />
<circle cx="80" cy="40" r="40" fill="lightgreen" />
<circle cx="60" cy="80" r="40" fill="blue" />
</g>
</svg>
CSS
circle {
mix-blend-mode: screen;
}
.isolate {
isolation: isolate;
} /* Without isolation, the background color will be taken into account */
Result
This example uses mix-blend-mode
to blend text color with the background color of its parent element.
HTML
<div class="container">
<p>Mostly Harmless</p>
<p class="multiply">Mostly Harmless</p>
<p class="screen">Mostly Harmless</p>
<p class="hard-light">Mostly Harmless</p>
</div>
CSS
@import url("https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Rubik+Moonrocks&display=swap");
.container {
background-color: blue;
}
p {
font:
4rem "Rubik Moonrocks",
cursive;
font-weight: bold;
color: orange;
padding: 0.5rem;
margin: 0;
}
.multiply {
mix-blend-mode: multiply;
}
.screen {
mix-blend-mode: screen;
}
.hard-light {
mix-blend-mode: hard-light;
}
Result
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