:has()

The :has() CSS pseudo-class represents an element if any of the selectors passed as parameters (relative to the :scope of the given element), match at least one element.

The :has() pseudo-class takes a relative selector list as an argument. In earlier revisions of the CSS Selectors Level 4 specification, :has had a limitation that it can not be used within stylesheets; only with functions like document.querySelector() (because of performance concerns). This limitation is now removed because no browser has implemented it this way.

/* Selects any <a>, as long as it has an <img> element directly inside it  */
/* Note that this is not supported in any browser yet */
var test = document.querySelector('a:has(> img)');

Syntax

:has( <relative-selector-list> )
where 
<relative-selector-list> = <relative-selector>#
where 
<relative-selector> = <combinator>? <complex-selector>
where 
<combinator> = '>' | '+' | '~' | [ '||' ]
<complex-selector> = <compound-selector> [ <combinator>? <compound-selector> ]*
where 
<compound-selector> = [ <type-selector>? <subclass-selector>* [ <pseudo-element-selector> <pseudo-class-selector>* ]* ]!
where 
<type-selector> = <wq-name> | <ns-prefix>? '*'
<subclass-selector> = <id-selector> | <class-selector> | <attribute-selector> | <pseudo-class-selector>
<pseudo-element-selector> = ':' <pseudo-class-selector>
<pseudo-class-selector> = ':' <ident-token> | ':' <function-token> <any-value> ')'
where 
<wq-name> = <ns-prefix>? <ident-token>
<ns-prefix> = [ <ident-token> | '*' ]?  | 
<id-selector> = <hash-token>
<class-selector> = '.' <ident-token>
<attribute-selector> = '[' <wq-name> ']' | '[' <wq-name> <attr-matcher> [ <string-token> | <ident-token> ] <attr-modifier>? ']'
where 
<attr-matcher> = [ '~' |  |  | '^' | '$' | '*' ]? '='
<attr-modifier> = i | s

Examples

The following selector matches only <a> elements that directly contain an <img> child:

a:has(> img)

The following selector matches <h1> elements only if they have a <p> element directly following them:

h1:has(+ p)

Specifications

Browser compatibility