# scaleZ()

The `scaleZ()` CSS function defines a transformation that resizes an element along the z-axis. Its result is a `<transform-function>` data type.

This scaling transformation modifies the z-coordinate of each element point by a constant factor, except when the scale factor is 1, in which case the function is the identity transform. The scaling is not isotropic, and the angles of the element are not conserved. `scaleZ(-1)` defines an axial symmetry, with the z-axis passing through the origin (as specified by the `transform-origin` property).

In the above interactive examples, `perspective: 550px;` (to create a 3D space) and `transform-style: preserve-3d;` (so the children, the 6 sides of the cube, are also positioned in the 3D space), have been set on the cube.

Note: `scaleZ(sz)` is equivalent to to `scale3d(1, 1, sz)`.

## Syntax

```scaleZ(s)
```

### Values

`s`
Is a `<number>` representing the scaling factor to apply on the z-coordinate of each point of the element.
Cartesian coordinates on ℝ2 Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ2 Cartesian coordinates on ℝ3 Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ3
This transformation applies to the 3D space and can't be represented on the plane. $\left(\begin{array}{cc}10& 0\\ 01& 0\\ 0& 0& s\end{array}\right)$ $\left(\begin{array}{ccc}10& 0& 0\\ 01& 0& 0\\ 0& 0& s& 0\\ 0& 0& 0& 1\end{array}\right)$

## Examples

### HTML

```<div>Normal</div>
<div class="perspective">Translated</div>
<div class="scaled-translated">Scaled</div>```

### CSS

```div {
width: 80px;
height: 80px;
background-color: skyblue;
}

.perspective {
/* Includes a perspective to create a 3D space */
transform: perspective(400px) translateZ(-100px);
background-color: limegreen;
}

.scaled-translated {
/* Includes a perspective to create a 3D space */
transform: perspective(400px) scaleZ(2) translateZ(-100px);
background-color: pink;
}
```

## Specifications

Specification Status Comment
CSS Transforms Level 2
The definition of 'scaleZ()' in that specification.
Editor's Draft Initial definition

## Browser compatibility

Update compatibility data on GitHub
Desktop Mobile Chrome Edge Firefox Internet Explorer Opera Safari Android webview Chrome for Android Firefox for Android Opera for Android Chrome Full support 1 Edge Full support 12 Firefox Full support 3.5Notes Full support 3.5Notes Notes Firefox 14 removed experimental support for `skew()`, but it was reintroduced in Firefox 15.Notes Before Firefox 16, the translation values of `matrix()` and `matrix3d()` could be ``s, in addition to the standard ``. IE Full support 9Notes Full support 9Notes Notes Internet Explorer 9 supports 2D but not 3D transforms. In version 9, mixing 2D and 3D transform functions invalidates the entire property. Opera Full support 10.5 Safari Full support 3.1 WebView Android Full support 2 Chrome Android Full support 18 Firefox Android Full support 4 Opera Android Full support 11 Safari iOS Full support 3.2 Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 Chrome Full support 12 Edge Full support 12 Firefox Full support 10 IE Full support 10 Opera Full support 15 Safari Full support 4 WebView Android Full support 3 Chrome Android Full support 18 Firefox Android Full support 10 Opera Android Full support 14 Safari iOS Full support 3.2 Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0

### Legend

Full support
Full support
See implementation notes.
See implementation notes.