The :checked
CSS pseudo-class selector represents any radio (<input type="radio">
), checkbox (<input type="checkbox">
), or option (<option>
in a <select>
) element that is checked or toggled to an on
state.
/* Matches any checked/selected radio, checkbox, or option */ :checked { margin-left: 25px; border: 1px solid blue; }
The user can engage this state by checking/selecting an element, or disengage it by unchecking/deselecting the element.
Note: Because browsers often treat <option>
s as replaced elements, the extent to which they can be styled with the :checked
pseudo-class varies from browser to browser.
Syntax
:checked
Examples
Basic example
HTML
<div> <input type="radio" name="my-input" id="yes"> <label for="yes">Yes</label> <input type="radio" name="my-input" id="no"> <label for="no">No</label> </div> <div> <input type="checkbox" name="my-checkbox" id="opt-in"> <label for="opt-in">Check me!</label> </div> <select name="my-select" id="fruit"> <option value="opt1">Apples</option> <option value="opt2">Grapes</option> <option value="opt3">Pears</option> </select>
CSS
div, select { margin: 8px; } /* Labels for checked inputs */ input:checked + label { color: red; } /* Radio element, when checked */ input[type="radio"]:checked { box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px orange; } /* Checkbox element, when checked */ input[type="checkbox"]:checked { box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px hotpink; } /* Option elements, when selected */ option:checked { box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px lime; color: red; }
Result
Toggling elements with a hidden checkbox
This example utilizes the :checked
pseudo-class to let the user toggle content based on the state of a checkbox, all without using JavaScript.
HTML
<input type="checkbox" id="expand-toggle" /> <table> <thead> <tr><th>Column #1</th><th>Column #2</th><th>Column #3</th></tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr class="expandable"><td>[more text]</td><td>[more text]</td><td>[more text]</td></tr> <tr><td>[cell text]</td><td>[cell text]</td><td>[cell text]</td></tr> <tr><td>[cell text]</td><td>[cell text]</td><td>[cell text]</td></tr> <tr class="expandable"><td>[more text]</td><td>[more text]</td><td>[more text]</td></tr> <tr class="expandable"><td>[more text]</td><td>[more text]</td><td>[more text]</td></tr> </tbody> </table> <label for="expand-toggle" id="expand-btn">Toggle hidden rows</label>
CSS
/* Hide the toggle checkbox */ #expand-toggle { display: none; } /* Hide expandable content by default */ .expandable { visibility: collapse; background: #ddd; } /* Style the button */ #expand-btn { display: inline-block; margin-top: 12px; padding: 5px 11px; background-color: #ff7; border: 1px solid; border-radius: 3px; } /* Show hidden content when the checkbox is checked */ #expand-toggle:checked ~ * .expandable { visibility: visible; } /* Style the button when the checkbox is checked */ #expand-toggle:checked ~ #expand-btn { background-color: #ccc; }
Result
Image gallery
You can use the :checked
pseudo-class to build an image gallery with full-size images that show only when the user clicks on a thumbnail. See this demo for a possible cue.
:hover
pseudo-class and without hidden radioboxes, see this demo, taken from the :hover reference page.Specifications
Specification | Status | Comment |
---|---|---|
HTML Living Standard The definition of ':checked' in that specification. |
Living Standard | No change. |
HTML5 The definition of ':checked' in that specification. |
Recommendation | Defines the semantic regarding HTML. |
Selectors Level 4 The definition of ':checked' in that specification. |
Working Draft | No change. |
CSS Basic User Interface Module Level 3 The definition of ':checked' in that specification. |
Recommendation | Link to Selectors Level 3. |
Selectors Level 3 The definition of ':checked' in that specification. |
Recommendation | Defines the pseudo-class, but not the associated semantic |
Browser compatibility
Desktop | Mobile | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
:checked | Chrome Full support 1 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 1 | IE Full support 9 | Opera Full support 9 | Safari Full support 3.1 | WebView Android Full support 2 | Chrome Android Full support 18 | Firefox Android Full support 4 | Opera Android Full support 10.1 | Safari iOS Full support 3.1 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 |
Legend
- Full support
- Full support