transition-timing-function

Baseline Widely available

This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since September 2015.

transition-timing-function CSS 屬性用於表示各個被動畫特效影響的屬性的區間值計算方式。

嘗試一下

transition-timing-function: linear;

transition-timing-function: ease-in;

transition-timing-function: steps(6, end);

transition-timing-function: cubic-bezier(0.29, 1.01, 1, -0.68);

<section id="default-example">
  <div id="example-element">Hover to see<br />the transition.</div>
</section>

#example-element {
  background-color: #e4f0f5;
  color: #000;
  padding: 1rem;
  border-radius: 0.5rem;
  font: 1em monospace;
  width: 100%;
  transition: margin-right 2s;
}

#default-example:hover > #example-element {
  background-color: #909;
  color: #fff;
  margin-right: 40%;
}

本質上，這個屬性讓你使用加速度曲線來表示動畫變換的速度。

而每個可以動畫化的屬性使用一個 <timing-function> 作為加速度曲線。

你也許有許多時間函數，而你可以透過使用 transition-property 屬性來個別設置。如果有前述清單的數量超過時間函數的數量，則會使用預設值 ease；如果少於那多餘的時間函數會被忽略，在這兩種情況，CSS 宣告總會有效。

語法

css

/* Keyword */
transition-timing-function: ease;
transition-timing-function: ease-in;
transition-timing-function: ease-out;
transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
transition-timing-function: linear;
transition-timing-function: step-start;
transition-timing-function: step-end;

/* 函數 */
transition-timing-function: steps(4, end);
transition-timing-function: cubic-bezier(0.1, 0.7, 1, 0.1);
transition-timing-function: frames(10);

/* 多個函數 */
transition-timing-function: ease, step-start, cubic-bezier(0.1, 0.7, 1, 0.1);

/* 全域值 */
transition-timing-function: inherit;
transition-timing-function: initial;
transition-timing-function: unset;

/* 包含 transition-property */
transition-property: width, height;
transition-timing-function: ease-in, ease-out; // ease-in to width and ease-out to height

值

<timing-function>: 每個 <timing-function> 連結到對應的動畫化屬性，請參考 transition-property。

公式語法

transition-timing-function = 
  <easing-function>#  

<easing-function> = 
  <linear-easing-function>        |
  <cubic-bezier-easing-function>  |
  <step-easing-function>          

<linear-easing-function> = 
  linear      |
  <linear()>  

<cubic-bezier-easing-function> = 
  ease              |
  ease-in           |
  ease-out          |
  ease-in-out       |
  <cubic-bezier()>  

<step-easing-function> = 
  step-start  |
  step-end    |
  <steps()>   

<linear()> = 
  linear( [ <number> && <percentage>{0,2} ]# )  

<cubic-bezier()> = 
  cubic-bezier( [ <number [0,1]> , <number> ]#{2} )  

<steps()> = 
  steps( <integer> , <step-position>? )  

<step-position> = 
  jump-start  |
  jump-end    |
  jump-none   |
  jump-both   |
  start       |
  end

範例

`transition-timing-function: ease`

<div class="parent">
  <div class="box">Lorem</div>
</div>

.parent {
  width: 250px;
  height: 125px;
}
.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: red;
  font-size: 20px;
  left: 0px;
  top: 0px;
  position: absolute;
  -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top
    color;
  -webkit-transition-duration: 2s;
  -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease;
  transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
  transition-duration: 2s;
  transition-timing-function: ease;
}
.box1 {
  width: 50px;
  height: 50px;
  background-color: blue;
  color: yellow;
  font-size: 18px;
  left: 150px;
  top: 25px;
  position: absolute;
  -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top
    color;
  -webkit-transition-duration: 2s;
  -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease;
  transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
  transition-duration: 2s;
  transition-timing-function: ease;
}

function updateTransition() {
  var el = document.querySelector("div.box");

  if (el) {
    el.className = "box1";
  } else {
    el = document.querySelector("div.box1");
    el.className = "box";
  }

  return el;
}

var intervalID = window.setInterval(updateTransition, 7000);

`transition-timing-function: ease-in`

<div class="parent">
  <div class="box">Lorem</div>
</div>

.parent {
  width: 250px;
  height: 125px;
}
.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: red;
  font-size: 20px;
  left: 0px;
  top: 0px;
  position: absolute;
  -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top
    color;
  -webkit-transition-duration: 2s;
  -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-in;
  transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
  transition-duration: 2s;
  transition-timing-function: ease-in;
}
.box1 {
  width: 50px;
  height: 50px;
  background-color: blue;
  color: yellow;
  font-size: 18px;
  left: 150px;
  top: 25px;
  position: absolute;
  -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top
    color;
  -webkit-transition-duration: 2s;
  -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-in;
  transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
  transition-duration: 2s;
  transition-timing-function: ease-in;
}

function updateTransition() {
  var el = document.querySelector("div.box");

  if (el) {
    el.className = "box1";
  } else {
    el = document.querySelector("div.box1");
    el.className = "box";
  }

  return el;
}

var intervalID = window.setInterval(updateTransition, 7000);

`transition-timing-function: ease-out`

<div class="parent">
  <div class="box">Lorem</div>
</div>

.parent {
  width: 250px;
  height: 125px;
}
.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: red;
  font-size: 20px;
  left: 0px;
  top: 0px;
  position: absolute;
  -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top
    color;
  -webkit-transition-duration: 2s;
  -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-out;
  transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
  transition-duration: 2s;
  transition-timing-function: ease-out;
}
.box1 {
  width: 50px;
  height: 50px;
  background-color: blue;
  color: yellow;
  font-size: 18px;
  left: 150px;
  top: 25px;
  position: absolute;
  -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top
    color;
  -webkit-transition-duration: 2s;
  -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-out;
  transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
  transition-duration: 2s;
  transition-timing-function: ease-out;
}

function updateTransition() {
  var el = document.querySelector("div.box");

  if (el) {
    el.className = "box1";
  } else {
    el = document.querySelector("div.box1");
    el.className = "box";
  }

  return el;
}

var intervalID = window.setInterval(updateTransition, 7000);

`transition-timing-function: ease-in-out`

<div class="parent">
  <div class="box">Lorem</div>
</div>

.parent {
  width: 250px;
  height: 125px;
}
.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: red;
  font-size: 20px;
  left: 0px;
  top: 0px;
  position: absolute;
  -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top
    color;
  -webkit-transition-duration: 2s;
  -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
  transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
  transition-duration: 2s;
  transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
}
.box1 {
  width: 50px;
  height: 50px;
  background-color: blue;
  color: yellow;
  font-size: 18px;
  left: 150px;
  top: 25px;
  position: absolute;
  -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top
    color;
  -webkit-transition-duration: 2s;
  -webkit-transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
  transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
  transition-duration: 2s;
  transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;
}

function updateTransition() {
  var el = document.querySelector("div.box");

  if (el) {
    el.className = "box1";
  } else {
    el = document.querySelector("div.box1");
    el.className = "box";
  }

  return el;
}

var intervalID = window.setInterval(updateTransition, 7000);

`transition-timing-function: linear`

<div class="parent">
  <div class="box">Lorem</div>
</div>

.parent {
  width: 250px;
  height: 125px;
}
.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: red;
  font-size: 20px;
  left: 0px;
  top: 0px;
  position: absolute;
  -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top
    color;
  -webkit-transition-duration: 2s;
  -webkit-transition-timing-function: linear;
  transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
  transition-duration: 2s;
  transition-timing-function: linear;
}
.box1 {
  width: 50px;
  height: 50px;
  background-color: blue;
  color: yellow;
  font-size: 18px;
  left: 150px;
  top: 25px;
  position: absolute;
  -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top
    color;
  -webkit-transition-duration: 2s;
  -webkit-transition-timing-function: linear;
  transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
  transition-duration: 2s;
  transition-timing-function: linear;
}

function updateTransition() {
  var el = document.querySelector("div.box");

  if (el) {
    el.className = "box1";
  } else {
    el = document.querySelector("div.box1");
    el.className = "box";
  }

  return el;
}

var intervalID = window.setInterval(updateTransition, 7000);

`transition-timing-function: step-start`

<div class="parent">
  <div class="box">Lorem</div>
</div>

.parent {
  width: 250px;
  height: 125px;
}
.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: red;
  font-size: 20px;
  left: 0px;
  top: 0px;
  position: absolute;
  -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top
    color;
  -webkit-transition-duration: 2s;
  -webkit-transition-timing-function: step-start;
  transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
  transition-duration: 2s;
  transition-timing-function: step-start;
}
.box1 {
  width: 50px;
  height: 50px;
  background-color: blue;
  color: yellow;
  font-size: 18px;
  left: 150px;
  top: 25px;
  position: absolute;
  -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top
    color;
  -webkit-transition-duration: 2s;
  -webkit-transition-timing-function: step-start;
  transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
  transition-duration: 2s;
  transition-timing-function: step-start;
}

function updateTransition() {
  var el = document.querySelector("div.box");

  if (el) {
    el.className = "box1";
  } else {
    el = document.querySelector("div.box1");
    el.className = "box";
  }

  return el;
}

var intervalID = window.setInterval(updateTransition, 7000);

`transition-timing-function: step-end`

<div class="parent">
  <div class="box">Lorem</div>
</div>

.parent {
  width: 250px;
  height: 125px;
}
.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: red;
  font-size: 20px;
  left: 0px;
  top: 0px;
  position: absolute;
  -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top
    color;
  -webkit-transition-duration: 2s;
  -webkit-transition-timing-function: step-end;
  transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
  transition-duration: 2s;
  transition-timing-function: step-end;
}
.box1 {
  width: 50px;
  height: 50px;
  background-color: blue;
  color: yellow;
  font-size: 18px;
  left: 150px;
  top: 25px;
  position: absolute;
  -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top
    color;
  -webkit-transition-duration: 2s;
  -webkit-transition-timing-function: step-end;
  transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
  transition-duration: 2s;
  transition-timing-function: step-end;
}

function updateTransition() {
  var el = document.querySelector("div.box");

  if (el) {
    el.className = "box1";
  } else {
    el = document.querySelector("div.box1");
    el.className = "box";
  }

  return el;
}

var intervalID = window.setInterval(updateTransition, 7000);

`transition-timing-function: steps(4, end)`

<div class="parent">
  <div class="box">Lorem</div>
</div>

.parent {
  width: 250px;
  height: 125px;
}
.box {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: red;
  font-size: 20px;
  left: 0px;
  top: 0px;
  position: absolute;
  -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top
    color;
  -webkit-transition-duration: 2s;
  -webkit-transition-timing-function: steps(4, end);
  transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
  transition-duration: 2s;
  transition-timing-function: steps(4, end);
}
.box1 {
  width: 50px;
  height: 50px;
  background-color: blue;
  color: yellow;
  font-size: 18px;
  left: 150px;
  top: 25px;
  position: absolute;
  -webkit-transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top
    color;
  -webkit-transition-duration: 2s;
  -webkit-transition-timing-function: steps(4, end);
  transition-property: width height background-color font-size left top color;
  transition-duration: 2s;
  transition-timing-function: steps(4, end);
}

function updateTransition() {
  var el = document.querySelector("div.box");

  if (el) {
    el.className = "box1";
  } else {
    el = document.querySelector("div.box1");
    el.className = "box";
  }

  return el;
}

var intervalID = window.setInterval(updateTransition, 7000);

規格

Specification
CSS Transitions # transition-timing-function-property

預設值	`ease`
Applies to	all elements, `::before` and `::after` pseudo-elements
繼承與否	no
Computed value	as specified
Animation type	Not animatable