transform - CSS（层叠样式表）

CSStransform属性允许你旋转，缩放，倾斜或平移给定元素。这是通过修改CSS视觉格式化模型的坐标空间来实现的。

只能转换由盒模型定位的元素。根据经验，如果元素具有display: block，则由盒模型定位元素。

语法

/* Keyword values */
transform: none;

/* Function values */
transform: matrix(1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0);
transform: translate(12px, 50%);
transform: translateX(2em);
transform: translateY(3in);
transform: scale(2, 0.5);
transform: scaleX(2);
transform: scaleY(0.5);
transform: rotate(0.5turn);
transform: skew(30deg, 20deg);
transform: skewX(30deg);
transform: skewY(1.07rad);
transform: matrix3d(1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0, 10.0, 11.0, 12.0, 13.0, 14.0, 15.0, 16.0);
transform: translate3d(12px, 50%, 3em);
transform: translateZ(2px);
transform: scale3d(2.5, 1.2, 0.3);
transform: scaleZ(0.3);
transform: rotate3d(1, 2.0, 3.0, 10deg);
transform: rotateX(10deg);
transform: rotateY(10deg);
transform: rotateZ(10deg);
transform: perspective(17px);

/* Multiple function values */
transform: translateX(10px) rotate(10deg) translateY(5px);

/* Global values */
transform: inherit;
transform: initial;
transform: unset;

transform属性可以指定为关键字值none 或一个或多个<transform-function>值。

值

<transform-function>: 要应用的一个或多个CSS变换函数。变换函数按从左到右的顺序相乘，这意味着复合变换按从右到左的顺序有效地应用。
none: 不应用任何变换。

语法格式

none | <transform-list>where 
<transform-list> = <transform-function>+
where 
<transform-function> = <matrix()> | <translate()> | <translateX()> | <translateY()> | <scale()> | <scaleX()> | <scaleY()> | <rotate()> | <skew()> | <skewX()> | <skewY()> | <matrix3d()> | <translate3d()> | <translateZ()> | <scale3d()> | <scaleZ()> | <rotate3d()> | <rotateX()> | <rotateY()> | <rotateZ()> | <perspective()>
where 
<matrix()> = matrix( <number>#{6} )
<translate()> = translate( <length-percentage> , <length-percentage>? )
<translateX()> = translateX( <length-percentage> )
<translateY()> = translateY( <length-percentage> )
<scale()> = scale( <number> , <number>? )
<scaleX()> = scaleX( <number> )
<scaleY()> = scaleY( <number> )
<rotate()> = rotate( [ <angle> | <zero> ] )
<skew()> = skew( [ <angle> | <zero> ] , [ <angle> | <zero> ]? )
<skewX()> = skewX( [ <angle> | <zero> ] )
<skewY()> = skewY( [ <angle> | <zero> ] )
<matrix3d()> = matrix3d( <number>#{16} )
<translate3d()> = translate3d( <length-percentage> , <length-percentage> , <length> )
<translateZ()> = translateZ( <length> )
<scale3d()> = scale3d( <number> , <number> , <number> )
<scaleZ()> = scaleZ( <number> )
<rotate3d()> = rotate3d( <number> , <number> , <number> , [ <angle> | <zero> ] )
<rotateX()> = rotateX( [ <angle> | <zero> ] )
<rotateY()> = rotateY( [ <angle> | <zero> ] )
<rotateZ()> = rotateZ( [ <angle> | <zero> ] )
<perspective()> = perspective( <length> )
where 
<length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage>

示例

HTML

<div>Transformed element</div>

CSS

div {
  border: solid red;
  transform: translate(30px, 20px) rotate(20deg);
  width: 140px;
  height: 60px;
}

结果

有关更多示例，请参阅使用CSS变换和<transform-function>。

规范

Specification	Status	Comment
CSS Transforms Level 2 transform	Editor's Draft	Adds 3D transform functions.
CSS Transforms Level 1 transform	Working Draft	Initial definition.

初始值	`none`
适用元素	transformable elements
是否是继承属性	否
Percentages	refer to the size of bounding box
计算值	as specified, but with relative lengths converted into absolute lengths
Animation type	a transform
Creates stacking context	yes

浏览器兼容性

BCD tables only load in the browser

参见

Using CSS transforms
<transform-function> data type
A cross-browser 2D transform plugin for jQuery