backdrop-filter

Baseline 2024
Newly available

Since September 2024, this feature works across the latest devices and browser versions. This feature might not work in older devices or browsers.

backdrop-filter CSS 属性可以让你为一个元素后面区域添加图形效果(如模糊或颜色偏移)。因为它适用于元素背后的所有元素,为了看到效果,必须使元素或其背景至少部分透明。

css
/* 关键词值 */
backdrop-filter: none;

/* 指向 SVG 滤镜的 URL */
backdrop-filter: url(commonfilters.svg#filter);

/* <filter-function> 滤镜函数值 */
backdrop-filter: blur(2px);
backdrop-filter: brightness(60%);
backdrop-filter: contrast(40%);
backdrop-filter: drop-shadow(4px 4px 10px blue);
backdrop-filter: grayscale(30%);
backdrop-filter: hue-rotate(120deg);
backdrop-filter: invert(70%);
backdrop-filter: opacity(20%);
backdrop-filter: sepia(90%);
backdrop-filter: saturate(80%);

/* 多重滤镜 */
backdrop-filter: url(filters.svg#filter) blur(4px) saturate(150%);

/* 全局值 */
backdrop-filter: inherit;
backdrop-filter: initial;
backdrop-filter: revert;
backdrop-filter: unset;

语法

none

没有应用于背景的滤镜。

<filter-function-list>

一个以空格分隔的滤镜函数(<filter-function>)或是要应用到背景上的 SVG 滤镜

形式化定义

初始值none
适用元素all elements; In SVG, it applies to container elements excluding the <defs> element and all graphics elements
是否是继承属性
计算值as specified
动画类型a filter function list

形式化语法

backdrop-filter = 
none |
<filter-value-list>

<filter-value-list> =
[ <filter-function> | <url> ]+

<filter-function> =
<blur()> |
<brightness()> |
<contrast()> |
<drop-shadow()> |
<grayscale()> |
<hue-rotate()> |
<invert()> |
<opacity()> |
<sepia()> |
<saturate()>

<url> =
<url()> |
<src()>

<blur()> =
blur( <length>? )

<brightness()> =
brightness( [ <number> | <percentage> ]? )

<contrast()> =
contrast( [ <number> | <percentage> ]? )

<drop-shadow()> =
drop-shadow( [ <color>? && <length>{2,3} ] )

<grayscale()> =
grayscale( [ <number> | <percentage> ]? )

<hue-rotate()> =
hue-rotate( [ <angle> | <zero> ]? )

<invert()> =
invert( [ <number> | <percentage> ]? )

<opacity()> =
opacity( [ <number> | <percentage> ]? )

<sepia()> =
sepia( [ <number> | <percentage> ]? )

<saturate()> =
saturate( [ <number> | <percentage> ]? )

<url()> =
url( <string> <url-modifier>* ) |
<url-token>

<src()> =
src( <string> <url-modifier>* )

示例

CSS

css
.box {
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
  border-radius: 5px;
  font-family: sans-serif;
  text-align: center;
  line-height: 1;
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  max-width: 50%;
  max-height: 50%;
  padding: 20px 40px;
}

html,
body {
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
}

body {
  background-image:
    url(https://picsum.photos/id/1080/6858/4574),
    linear-gradient(rgb(219, 166, 166), rgb(0, 0, 172));
  background-position: center center;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-size: cover;
}

.container {
  align-items: center;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
}

HTML

html
<div class="container">
  <div class="box">
    <p>backdrop-filter: blur(10px)</p>
  </div>
</div>

结果

规范

Specification
Filter Effects Module Level 2
# BackdropFilterProperty

浏览器兼容性

Report problems with this compatibility data on GitHub
desktopmobile
Chrome
Edge
Firefox
Opera
Safari
Chrome Android
Firefox for Android
Opera Android
Safari on iOS
Samsung Internet
WebView Android
WebView on iOS
backdrop-filter

Legend

Tip: you can click/tap on a cell for more information.

Full support
Full support
See implementation notes.
Requires a vendor prefix or different name for use.
Has more compatibility info.

参见