grid-template

Baseline Widely available

This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since July 2020.

grid-template,CSS 属性简写,用以定义网格中分区

尝试一下

语法

css
/* 值为关键词 */
grid-template: none;

/* 为 grid-template-rows / grid-template-columns */
grid-template: 100px 1fr / 50px 1fr;
grid-template: auto 1fr / auto 1fr auto;
grid-template: [linename] 100px / [columnname1] 30% [columnname2] 70%;
grid-template: fit-content(100px) / fit-content(40%);

/* 为 grid-template-areas grid-template-rows / grid-template-column */
grid-template:
  "a a a"
  "b b b";
grid-template:
  "a a a" 20%
  "b b b" auto;
grid-template:
  [header-top] "a a a" [header-bottom]
  [main-top] "b b b" 1fr [main-bottom]
  / auto 1fr auto;

/* 为全局值 */
grid-template: inherit;
grid-template: initial;
grid-template: unset;

可设值

none

关键词,设上文“所简写属性”为none,即恢复默认设置。行列隐式生成,grid-auto-rowsgrid-auto-columns定其尺寸。

<'grid-template-rows'> / <'grid-template-columns'>

指定grid-template-rowsgrid-template-columns之值,并设grid-template-areasnone

[ <line-names>? <string> <track-size>? <line-names>? ]+ [ / <explicit-track-list> ]?

grid-template-areas为列得<string>grid-template-columns为<explicit-track-list>(默认为none)、grid-template-rows<track-size>(默认为auto)并拼接尺寸前后所定义之行。

注:轨道被用以与“ASCII art”(即字符画,此处指<string>)中行列逐一视觉对齐,故<explicit-track-list>中不允许repeat()

注:grid可如此用,但将重置隐式网格属性。Use grid (as opposed to grid-template) to prevent these values from cascading in seperately.

形式语法

grid-template = 
none |
[ <'grid-template-rows'> / <'grid-template-columns'> ] |
[ <line-names>? <string> <track-size>? <line-names>? ]+ [ / <explicit-track-list> ]?

<line-names> =
'[' <custom-ident>* ']'

<track-size> =
<track-breadth> |
minmax( <inflexible-breadth> , <track-breadth> ) |
fit-content( <length-percentage [0,∞]> )

<explicit-track-list> =
[ <line-names>? <track-size> ]+ <line-names>?

<track-breadth> =
<length-percentage [0,∞]> |
<flex [0,∞]> |
min-content |
max-content |
auto

<inflexible-breadth> =
<length-percentage [0,∞]> |
min-content |
max-content |
auto

<length-percentage> =
<length> |
<percentage>

示例

CSS

css
#page {
  display: grid;
  width: 100%;
  height: 200px;
  grid-template:
    [header-left] "head head" 30px [header-right]
    [main-left] "nav  main" 1fr [main-right]
    [footer-left] "nav  foot" 30px [footer-right]
    / 120px 1fr;
}

header {
  background-color: lime;
  grid-area: head;
}

nav {
  background-color: lightblue;
  grid-area: nav;
}

main {
  background-color: yellow;
  grid-area: main;
}

footer {
  background-color: red;
  grid-column: foot;
}

HTML

html
<section id="page">
  <header>Header</header>
  <nav>Navigation</nav>
  <main>Main area</main>
  <footer>Footer</footer>
</section>

结果

规范

Specification
CSS Grid Layout Module Level 2
# explicit-grid-shorthand
初始值as each of the properties of the shorthand:
适用元素grid containers
是否是继承属性
Percentagesas each of the properties of the shorthand:
计算值as each of the properties of the shorthand:
Animation typeas each of the properties of the shorthand:
  • grid-template-columns: simple list of length, percentage, or calc, provided the only differences are in the values of the length, percentage, or calc components in the list
  • grid-template-rows: simple list of length, percentage, or calc, provided the only differences are in the values of the length, percentage, or calc components in the list
  • grid-template-areas: discrete

浏览器兼容性

BCD tables only load in the browser

参见