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HTMLInputElement

ここへジャンプ:
  1. プロパティ
  2. メソッド
  3. 定義
  4. ブラウザ互換性
  5. 関連記事

この翻訳は不完全です。英語から この記事を翻訳 してください。

HTMLInputElement インターフェイスは（HTMLElementインターフェースを継承した）入力要素を制御するためのプロパティとメソッドを提供します。

プロパティ

フォーム関連
form 読取専用 HTMLFormElement object:  Returns a reference to the parent form element.
formAction string: Returns / Sets the element's formaction attribute, containing the URI of a program that processes information submitted by the element. This overrides the action attribute of the parent form.
formEncType string: Returns / Sets the element's formenctype attribute, containing the type of content that is used to submit the form to the server. This overrides the enctype attribute of the parent form.
formMethod string: Returns / Sets the element's formmethod attribute, containing the HTTP method that the browser uses to submit the form. This overrides the method attribute of the parent form.
formNoValidate boolean: Returns / Sets the element's formnovalidate attribute, indicating that the form is not to be validated when it is submitted. This overrides the novalidate attribute of the parent form.
formTarget string: Returns / Sets the element's formtarget attribute, containing a name or keyword indicating where to display the response that is received after submitting the form. This overrides the target attribute of the parent form.
表示される要素に適用
name string: Returns / Sets the element's name attribute, containing a name that identifies the element when submitting the form.
type string: Returns / Sets the element's type attribute, indicating the type of control to display. See type attribute of <input> for possible values.
disabled boolean: Returns / Sets the element's disabled attribute, indicating that the control is not available for interaction. The input values will not be submitted with the form. See also readonly 
autofocus boolean: Returns / Sets the element's autofocus attribute, which specifies that a form control should have input focus when the page loads, unless the user overrides it, for example by typing in a different control. Only one form element in a document can have the autofocus attribute. It cannot be applied if the type attribute is set to hidden (that is, you cannot automatically set focus to a hidden control).
required boolean: Returns / Sets the element's required attribute, indicating that the user must fill in a value before submitting a form.
value string: Returns / Sets the current value of the control.

Note: If the user enters a value different from the value expected, this may return an empty string.
validity 読取専用 ValidityState object: Returns the validity state that this element is in.
validationMessage 読取専用 string: Returns a localized message that describes the validation constraints that the control does not satisfy (if any). This is the empty string if the control is not a candidate for constraint validation (willvalidate is false), or it satisfies its constraints.
willValidate 読取専用 Boolean: Indicates whether the element is a candidate for constraint validation. It is false if any conditions bar it from constraint validation.
"checkbox"と"radio"のみ
checked  boolean: Returns / Sets the current state of the element when type is checkbox or radio.
defaultChecked boolean: Returns / Sets the default state of a radio button or checkbox as originally specified in HTML that created this object.
indeterminate boolean: indicates that the checkbox is neither on nor off. Changes the appearance to resemble a third state. Does not affect the value of the checked attribute, and clicking the checkbox will set the value to false.

"image"のみ

alt string: Returns / Sets the element's alt attribute, containing alternative text to use when type is image.
height string: Returns / Sets the element's height attribute, which defines the height of the image displayed for the button, if the value of type is image.
src string: Returns / Sets the element's src attribute, which specifies a URI for the location of an image to display on the graphical submit button, if the value of type is image; otherwise it is ignored.
width string: Returns / Sets the document's width attribute, which defines the width of the image displayed for the button, if the value of type is image.
"file"のみ
accept string: Returns / Sets the element's accept attribute, containing comma-separated list of file types accepted by the server when type is file.
allowdirs boolean: Part of the non-standard Directory Upload API; indicates whether or not to allow directories and files both to be selected in the file list. Implemented only in Firefox and is hidden behind a preference.
files Returns/accepts a FileList object, which contains a list of File objects representing the files selected for upload.
webkitdirectory boolean: Returns the webkitdirectory attribute; if true, the file system picker interface only accepts directories instead of files.
webkitEntries Array of FileSystemEntry objects describing the currently-selected files or directories.
テキストや数値を含む要素のみ
autocomplete string: Returns / Sets the element's autocomplete attribute, indicating whether the value of the control can be automatically completed by the browser. Ignored if the value of the type attribute is hidden, checkbox, radio, file, or a button type (button, submit, reset, image). Possible values are:
"on": the browser can autocomplete the value using previously stored value
"off": the user must explicity enter a value
maxLength long: Returns / Sets the element's maxlength attribute, containing the maximum length of characters (in Unicode code points) that the value can have. (If you set this to a negative number, an exception will be thrown.)
size unsigned long: Returns / Sets the element's size attribute, containing size of the control. This value is in pixels unless the value of type is text or password, in which case, it is an integer number of characters. Applies only when type is set to text, search, tel, url, email, or password; otherwise it is ignored.
pattern string: Returns / Sets the element's pattern attribute, containing a regular expression that the control's value is checked against.  Use the title attribute to describe the pattern to help the user. This attribute applies when the value of the type attribute is text, search, tel, url or email; otherwise it is ignored.
placeholder string: Returns / Sets the element's placeholder attribute, containing a hint to the user of what can be entered in the control. The placeholder text must not contain carriage returns or line-feeds. This attribute applies when the value of the type attribute is text, search, tel, url or email; otherwise it is ignored.
readOnly boolean: Returns / Sets the element's readonly attribute, indicating that the user cannot modify the value of the control.
HTML5This is ignored if the value of the type attribute is hidden, range, color, checkbox, radio, file, or a button type.
min string: Returns / Sets the element's min attribute, containing the minimum (numeric or date-time) value for this item, which must not be greater than its maximum (max attribute) value.
max string: Returns / Sets the element's max attribute, containing the maximum (numeric or date-time) value for this item, which must not be less than its minimum (min attribute) value.
selectionStart unsigned long: Returns / Sets the beginning index of the selected text. When nothing is selected, this returns the position of the text input cursor (caret) inside of the <input> element.
selectionEnd unsigned long: Returns / Sets the end index of the selected text. When there's no selection, this returns the offset of the character immediately following the current text input cursor position.
selectionDirection string: Returns / Sets the direction in which selection occurred. Possible values are:
"forward" if selection was performed in the start-to-end direction of the current locale,
"backward" for the opposite direction,
"none" if the direction is unknown."
まだ分類されていないもの
defaultValue string: Returns / Sets the default value as originally specified in the HTML that created this object.
dirName string: Returns / Sets the directionality of the element.
accessKey string: Returns a string containing a single character that switches input focus to the control when pressed.
list 読取専用 HTMLElement object: Returns the element pointed by the list attribute. The property may be null if no HTML element found in the same tree.
multiple boolean: Returns / Sets the element's multiple attribute, indicating whether more than one value is possible (e.g., multiple files).
files FileList array: Returns the list of selected files.
HTMLInputElement.labels 読取専用 NodeList array: Returns a list of <label> elements that are labels for this element.
step string: Returns / Sets the element's step attribute, which works with min and max to limit the increments at which a numeric or date-time value can be set. It can be the string any or a positive floating point number. If this is not set to any, the control accepts only values at multiples of the step value greater than the minimum.
valueAsDate Date object: Returns / Sets the value of the element, interpreted as a date, or null if conversion is not possible.
valueAsNumber double: Returns the value of the element, interpreted as one of the following, in order:
  • a time value
  • a number
  • NaN if conversion is impossible
autocapitalize string: defines the capitalization behavior for user input. Valid values are none, off, characters, words, or sentences.
HTMLInputElement.align
string: represents the alignment of the element. Use CSS instead.
HTMLInputElement.useMap
string: represents a client-side image map.

メソッド

focus() Focus on the input element; keystrokes will subsequently go to this element.
blur() Removes focus from input; keystrokes will subsequently go nowhere.
select() Selects the input text in the element, and focuses it so the user can subsequently replace the whole entry.
click() Simulates a click on the element.
setSelectionRange() Selects a range of text in the element (but does not focus it). The optional selectionDirection parameter may be "forward" or "backward" to establish the direction in which selection was set, or "none" if the direction is unknown or not relevant. The default is "none". Specifying a selectionDirection parameter sets the value of the selectionDirection property.
setRangeText()

Replaces a range of text with the new text. If the start and end arguments are not provided, the range is assumed to be the selection.The final argument determines how the selection should be set after the text has been replaced. The possible values are:

"select"
Selects the newly inserted text.
"start"
Moves the selection to just before the inserted text.
"end"
Moves the selection to just after the selected text.
"preserve"
Attempts to preserve the selection. This is the default.
setCustomValidity() Sets a custom validity message for the element. If this message is not the empty string, then the element is suffering from a custom validity error, and does not validate.
checkValidity() Returns a Boolean that is false if the element is a candidate for constraint validation, and it does not satisfy its constraints. In this case, it also fires an invalid event at the element. It returns true if the element is not a candidate for constraint validation, or if it satisfies its constraints.
HTMLInputElement.stepDown()
Decrements the value by (step * n), where n defaults to 1 if not specified. Throws an INVALID_STATE_ERR exception:
  • if the method is not applicable to for the current type value,
  • if the element has no step value,
  • if the value cannot be converted to a number,
  • if the resulting value is above the max or below the min. 
HTMLInputElement.stepUp()
Increments the value by (step * n), where n defaults to 1 if not specified. Throws an INVALID_STATE_ERR exception:
  • if the method is not applicable to for the current type value.,
  • if the element has no step value,
  • if the value cannot be converted to a number,
  • if the resulting value is above the max or below the min.
HTMLInputElement.mozSetFileArray()
Sets the files selected on the input to the given array of File objects.  This is an alternative to mozSetFileNameArray() which can be used in frame scripts: a chrome script can open files as File objects and send them via message manager.
HTMLInputElement.mozGetFileNameArray()
Returns an array of all the file names from the input.
HTMLInputElement.mozSetFileNameArray()
Sets the filenames for the files selected on the input.  Not for use in frame scripts, because it accesses the file system.

定義

定義 状態 コメント
HTML Living Standard
HTMLInputElement の定義		 現行の標準  HTML5より変更無し
HTML5
HTMLInputElement の定義		 勧告 Technically, the  tabindex and accesskey properties, as well as the blur(), click(), and focus() methods, are now defined on HTMLElement.
The following properties are now obsolete: align and useMap.
The following properties have been added: autocomplete, autofocus, dirName, files, formAction, formEncType, formMethod, formNoValidate, formTarget, height, indeterminate, labels, list, max, min, multiple, pattern, placeholder, required, selectionDirection, selectionEnd, selectionStart, step, validationMessage, validity, valueAsDate, valueAsNumber, width, and willValidate.
The following methods have been added: checkValidity(), setCustomValidity(), setSelectionRange(), stepUp(), and stepDown().
Document Object Model (DOM) Level 2 HTML Specification
HTMLInputElement の定義		 廃止された The size property is now an unsigned long. The type property must be entirely given in lowercase characters.
Document Object Model (DOM) Level 1 Specification
HTMLInputElement の定義		 廃止された 初回定義

ブラウザ互換性

We're converting our compatibility data into a machine-readable JSON format. This compatibility table still uses the old format, because we haven't yet converted the data it contains. Find out how you can help!

Feature Chrome Edge Firefox (Gecko) Internet Explorer Opera Safari (WebKit)
Basic support (有) (有) 1.0 (1.7 or earlier) (有) (有) (有)
autocomplete & autofocus properties (有) (有) (有) (有) (有) (有)
files property (有) (有) 3.0 (1.9)[2] 10 ? ?
multiple property (有) (有) 3.6 (1.9.2) ? ? ?
indeterminate property ? (有) (有) ? ? ?
list property ? (有) (有) ? ? ?
formAction, formEncType, formMethod, formTarget properties (有) (有) 4.0 (2)[3] (有) (有) (有)
formNoValidate, validationMessage, validity, willValidate properties and setCustomValidity() and checkValidity() methods. (有) (有) 4.0 (2) 10 (有) (有)
pattern, placeholder, required properties (有) (有) 4.0 (2) (有) (有) (有)
height and weight properties (有) (有) 16 (16) ? ? ?
labels property 14.0 未サポート 56 (56)[1] ? ? ?
min, max, and step for <input type="number"> (有) (有) Experimental, and without specific UI, since 16 (16): behind the pref dom.experimental_forms ? ? (有)
stepUp and stepDown methods ? (有) Experimental since 16 (16): behind the pref dom.experimental_forms

There are still differences with the latest spec: バグ 835773		 ? ? ?
min, max, and step properties for <input type="range"> (有) (有) 23 (23) ? ? (有)
min, max, and step properties for <input type="date"> (有) (有) Experimental, and without specific UI, since 20 (20): behind the pref dom.experimental_forms ? ? (有)
min, max, and step properties for other date-related type values (有) (有) 未サポート ? ? (有)
mozGetFileNameArray() and mozSetFileNameArray() methods 未サポート 未サポート 3.6 (1.9.2) 未サポート 未サポート 未サポート
mozSetFileArray() method 未サポート 未サポート 38 (38) 未サポート 未サポート 未サポート
autocapitalize 43.0 未サポート ? ? ? ?
Feature Android Android Webview Edge Firefox Mobile (Gecko) IE Phone Opera Mobile Safari Mobile Chrome for Android
Basic support (有) (有) (有) 1.0 (1.0)[3] (有) (有) (有) (有)
autocapitalize 未サポート 43.0 未サポート ? ? ? ? 43.0

[1] バグ 556743より対応。

[2] filesプロパティはFirefox 57で指定可能になりました(バグ 1384030)。

[3] Firefox 56では仕様に従い、フォームに関連付けられた<input>を使用したときにformActionプロパティが正しい送信URLを返すように変更されました(バグ 1366361)。

関連記事

  • HTML要素は次のインターフェースを実装しています: <input>.

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このページの貢献者: TNKSoftware, jdanyow
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