HTMLInputElement
La interface HTMLInputElement
proporciona propiedades y métodos especiales para manipular las opciones, estructura y presentacion de los elementos <input>
.
Propiedades
Propiedades relacionadas al formulario padre
form
Read only-
Retorna una referencia al elementoHTMLFormElement
object:<form>
padre formAction
-
string
: Retorna / Establece los atributos de los elementosformaction
, conteniendo la URI de un programa que procesa la información enviada por el elemento. Esto invalida al atributoaction
del formulario padre. formEncType
-
string
: Returns / Sets the element'sformenctype
attribute, containing the type of content that is used to submit the form to the server. This overrides theenctype
attribute of the parent form. formMethod
-
string
: Returns / Sets the element'sformmethod
attribute, containing the HTTP method that the browser uses to submit the form. This overrides themethod
attribute of the parent form. formNoValidate
-
boolean
: Returns / Sets the element'sformnovalidate
attribute, indicating that the form is not to be validated when it is submitted. This overrides thenovalidate
attribute of the parent form. formTarget
-
string
: Returns / Sets the element'sformtarget
attribute, containing a name or keyword indicating where to display the response that is received after submitting the form. This overrides thetarget
attribute of the parent form.
Propiedades que aplican a cualquier tipo de elemento input que no se encuentre escondido
name
-
string
: Returns / Sets the element'sname
attribute, containing a name that identifies the element when submitting the form. type
-
string:
Returns / Sets the element'stype
attribute, indicating the type of control to display. Seetype
attribute of<input>
for possible values. disabled
-
boolean
: Returns / Sets the element'sdisabled
attribute, indicating that the control is not available for interaction. The input values will not be submitted with the form. See alsoreadonly
autofocus
-
boolean:
Returns / Sets the element'sautofocus
attribute, which specifies that a form control should have input focus when the page loads, unless the user overrides it, for example by typing in a different control. Only one form element in a document can have theautofocus
attribute. It cannot be applied if thetype
attribute is set tohidden
(that is, you cannot automatically set focus to a hidden control). required
-
boolean
: Returns / Sets the element'srequired
attribute, indicating that the user must fill in a value before submitting a form. value
-
string:
Returns / Sets the current value of the control.Nota: Si el usuario ingresa un valor diferente al esperado, esto puede retornar una cadena vacía.
validity
Read only-
Returns the validity state that this element is in.ValidityState
(en-US) object: validationMessage
Read only-
string:
Returns a localized message that describes the validation constraints that the control does not satisfy (if any). This is the empty string if the control is not a candidate for constraint validation (willvalidate
is false), or it satisfies its constraints. willValidate
Read only-
Indicates whether the element is a candidate for constraint validation. It is false if any conditions bar it from constraint validation.Boolean
:
Propiedades que aplican solo a los elementos de tipo checkbox
o radio
checked
-
boolean:
Returns / Sets the current state of the element whentype
ischeckbox
orradio
. defaultChecked
-
boolean:
Returns / Sets the default state of a radio button or checkbox as originally specified in HTML that created this object. indeterminate
-
boolean:
indicates that the checkbox is neither on nor off. Changes the appearance to resemble a third state. Does not affect the value of the checked attribute, and clicking the checkbox will set the value to false.
Propiedades que sólo aplican a los elementos de tipo image
alt
-
string
: Returns / Sets the element'salt
attribute, containing alternative text to use whentype
isimage.
height
-
string
: Returns / Sets the element'sheight
attribute, which defines the height of the image displayed for the button, if the value oftype
isimage
. src
-
string:
Returns / Sets the element'ssrc
attribute, which specifies a URI for the location of an image to display on the graphical submit button, if the value oftype
isimage
; otherwise it is ignored. width
-
string:
Returns / Sets the document'swidth
attribute, which defines the width of the image displayed for the button, if the value oftype
isimage
.
Propiedades que sólo aplican a los elementos de tipo file
accept
-
string
: Returns / Sets the element'saccept
attribute, containing comma-separated list of file types accepted by the server whentype
isfile
. allowdirs
Non-standard-
boolean: Part of the non-standard Directory Upload API; indicates whether or not to allow directories and files both to be selected in the file list. Implemented only in Firefox and is hidden behind a preference.
files
-
Returns/accepts a
FileList
(en-US) object, which contains a list ofFile
objects representing the files selected for upload. webkitdirectory
(en-US) Non-standard-
boolean: Returns the
webkitdirectory
attribute; if true, the file system picker interface only accepts directories instead of files. webkitEntries
(en-US) Non-standard-
Array of
FileSystemEntry
(en-US) objects describing the currently-selected files or directories.
Properties that apply only to text/number-containing or elements
autocomplete
-
string
: Returns / Sets the element'sautocomplete
attribute, indicating whether the value of the control can be automatically completed by the browser. Ignored if the value of thetype
attribute ishidden
,checkbox
,radio
,file
, or a button type (button
,submit
,reset
,image
). Possible values are:"on": the browser can autocomplete the value using previously stored value
"off": the user must explicity enter a value
maxLength
-
long
: Returns / Sets the element'smaxlength
attribute, containing the maximum length of characters (in Unicode code points) that the value can have. (If you set this to a negative number, an exception will be thrown.) size
-
unsigned long
: Returns / Sets the element'ssize
attribute, containing size of the control. This value is in pixels unless the value oftype
istext
orpassword
, in which case, it is an integer number of characters. Applies only whentype
is set totext
,search
,tel
,url
,email
, orpassword
; otherwise it is ignored. pattern
-
string
: Returns / Sets the element'spattern
attribute, containing a regular expression that the control's value is checked against. Use thetitle
attribute to describe the pattern to help the user. This attribute applies when the value of thetype
attribute istext
,search
,tel
,url
oremail
; otherwise it is ignored. placeholder
-
string
: Returns / Sets the element'splaceholder
attribute, containing a hint to the user of what can be entered in the control. The placeholder text must not contain carriage returns or line-feeds. This attribute applies when the value of thetype
attribute istext
,search
,tel
,url
oremail
; otherwise it is ignored. readOnly
-
boolean
: Returns / Sets the element'sreadonly
attribute, indicating that the user cannot modify the value of the control. This is ignored if the value of thetype
attribute ishidden
,range
,color
,checkbox
,radio
,file
, or a button type. min
-
string
: Returns / Sets the element'smin
attribute, containing the minimum (numeric or date-time) value for this item, which must not be greater than its maximum (max
attribute) value. max
-
string
: Returns / Sets the element'smax
attribute, containing the maximum (numeric or date-time) value for this item, which must not be less than its minimum (min attribute) value. selectionStart
-
unsigned long
: Returns / Sets the beginning index of the selected text. When nothing is selected, this returns the position of the text input cursor (caret) inside of the<input>
element. selectionEnd
-
unsigned long
: Returns / Sets the end index of the selected text. When there's no selection, this returns the offset of the character immediately following the current text input cursor position. selectionDirection
-
string
: Returns / Sets the direction in which selection occurred. Possible values are:"forward"
if selection was performed in the start-to-end direction of the current locale,"backward"
for the opposite direction,"none"
if the direction is unknown."
Propiedades aun no categorizadas
defaultValue
-
string:
Returns / Sets the default value as originally specified in the HTML that created this object. dirName
-
string:
Returns / Sets the directionality of the element. accessKey
-
string
: Returns a string containing a single character that switches input focus to the control when pressed. list
Read only-
Returns the element pointed by theHTMLElement
object:list
attribute. The property may benull
if no HTML element found in the same tree. multiple
-
boolean
: Returns / Sets the element'smultiple
attribute, indicating whether more than one value is possible (e.g., multiple files). files
-
Returns the list of selected files.FileList
(en-US) array: HTMLInputElement.labels
(en-US) Read only-
Returns a list ofNodeList
array:<label>
elements that are labels for this element. step
-
string:
Returns / Sets the element'sstep
attribute, which works withmin
andmax
to limit the increments at which a numeric or date-time value can be set. It can be the stringany
or a positive floating point number. If this is not set toany
, the control accepts only values at multiples of the step value greater than the minimum. valueAsDate
-
Returns / Sets the value of the element, interpreted as a date, orDate
object:null
if conversion is not possible. valueAsNumber
-
double
: Returns the value of the element, interpreted as one of the following, in order:- a time value
- a number
- NaN if conversion is impossible
autocapitalize
Experimental-
string:
defines the capitalization behavior for user input. Valid values arenone
,off
,characters
,words
, orsentences
.
HTMLInputElement.align
Obsoleto-
string:
represents the alignment of the element. Use CSS instead. HTMLInputElement.useMap
Obsoleto-
string:
represents a client-side image map.
Métodos
focus()
-
Focus on the input element; keystrokes will subsequently go to this element.
blur()
-
Removes focus from input; keystrokes will subsequently go nowhere.
select()
-
Selects the input text in the element, and focuses it so the user can subsequently replace the whole entry.
click()
(en-US)-
Simulates a click on the element.
setSelectionRange()
(en-US)-
Selects a range of text in the element (but does not focus it). The optional selectionDirection parameter may be "forward" or "backward" to establish the direction in which selection was set, or "none" if the direction is unknown or not relevant. The default is "none". Specifying a selectionDirection parameter sets the value of the selectionDirection property.
setRangeText()
-
Replaces a range of text with the new text. If the start and end arguments are not provided, the range is assumed to be the selection.The final argument determines how the selection should be set after the text has been replaced. The possible values are:
- "
select
" -
Selects the newly inserted text.
- "
start
" -
Moves the selection to just before the inserted text.
- "
end
" -
Moves the selection to just after the selected text.
- "
preserve
" -
Attempts to preserve the selection. This is the default.
- "
setCustomValidity()
-
Sets a custom validity message for the element. If this message is not the empty string, then the element is suffering from a custom validity error, and does not validate.
checkValidity()
-
Returns a
Boolean
that isfalse
if the element is a candidate for constraint validation, and it does not satisfy its constraints. In this case, it also fires aninvalid
(en-US) event at the element. It returnstrue
if the element is not a candidate for constraint validation, or if it satisfies its constraints.
HTMLInputElement.stepDown()
(en-US)-
Decrements the
value
by (step
* n), where n defaults to 1 if not specified. Throws an INVALID_STATE_ERR exception: HTMLInputElement.stepUp()
(en-US)-
Increments the
value
by (step
* n), where n defaults to 1 if not specified. Throws an INVALID_STATE_ERR exception:
Métodos no estandarizados
HTMLInputElement.mozSetFileArray()
Non-standard-
Sets the files selected on the input to the given array of
File
objects. This is an alternative tomozSetFileNameArray()
which can be used in frame scripts: a chrome script can open files as File objects and send them via message manager. HTMLInputElement.mozGetFileNameArray()
(en-US) Non-standard-
Returns an array of all the file names from the input.
HTMLInputElement.mozSetFileNameArray()
(en-US) Non-standard-
Sets the filenames for the files selected on the input. Not for use in frame scripts, because it accesses the file system.
Eventos
Responde a este elemento usando addEventListener()
o asignando una respuesta a la propiedad oneventname
de esta interface:
input
-
Se activa cuando el
value
de un elemento<input>
,<select>
, o<textarea>
ha sido modificado.Nota: Esto es actualmente gatillado en la interface
HTMLElement
y también aplica a los elementoscontenteditable
, pero lo hemos listado acá porque es más utilizado con los elementos de entrada de formularios.También disponible por la propiedad manipuladora
oninput
. invalid
-
Fired when an element does not satisfy its constraints during constraint validation.
Also available via the
oninvalid
(en-US) event handler property. search
(en-US)-
Fired when a search is initiated on an
<input>
oftype="search"
.Also available via the
onsearch
event handler property.
Especificaciones
Specification |
---|
HTML Standard # htmlinputelement |
Compatibilidad con navegadores
BCD tables only load in the browser
Vea también
- HTML element implementing this interface:
<input>
.