Array.prototype.filter()

The filter() method creates a new array with all elements that pass the test implemented by the provided function.

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Syntax

var newArray = arr.filter(callback(element[, index[, array]])[, thisArg])

Parameters

callback

Function is a predicate, to test each element of the array. Return true to keep the element, false otherwise. It accepts three arguments:

element

The current element being processed in the array.

indexOptional

The index of the current element being processed in the array.

arrayOptional

The array filter was called upon.

thisArgOptional

Optional. Value to use as this when executing callback.

Return value

A new array with the elements that pass the test. If no elements pass the test, an empty array will be returned.

Description

filter() calls a provided callback function once for each element in an array, and constructs a new array of all the values for which callback returns a value that coerces to true. callback is invoked only for indexes of the array which have assigned values; it is not invoked for indexes which have been deleted or which have never been assigned values. Array elements which do not pass the callback test are simply skipped, and are not included in the new array.

callback is invoked with three arguments:

1. the value of the element
2. the index of the element
3. the Array object being traversed

If a thisArg parameter is provided to filter, it will be used as the callback's this value.  Otherwise, the value undefined will be used as its this value. The this value ultimately observable by callback is determined according to the usual rules for determining the this seen by a function.

filter() does not mutate the array on which it is called.

The range of elements processed by filter() is set before the first invocation of callback. Elements which are appended to the array after the call to filter() begins will not be visited by callback. If existing elements of the array are changed, or deleted, their value as passed to callback will be the value at the time filter() visits them; elements that are deleted are not visited.

Examples

Filtering out all small values

The following example uses filter() to create a filtered array that has all elements with values less than 10 removed.

function isBigEnough(value) {
  return value >= 10;
}

var filtered = [12, 5, 8, 130, 44].filter(isBigEnough);
// filtered is [12, 130, 44]

Filtering invalid entries from JSON

The following example uses filter() to create a filtered json of all elements with non-zero, numeric id.

var arr = [
  { id: 15 },
  { id: -1 },
  { id: 0 },
  { id: 3 },
  { id: 12.2 },
  { },
  { id: null },
  { id: NaN },
  { id: 'undefined' }
];

var invalidEntries = 0;

function isNumber(obj) {
  return obj !== undefined && typeof(obj) === 'number' && !isNaN(obj);
}

function filterByID(item) {
  if (isNumber(item.id) && item.id !== 0) {
    return true;
  } 
  invalidEntries++;
  return false; 
}

var arrByID = arr.filter(filterByID);

console.log('Filtered Array\n', arrByID); 
// Filtered Array
// [{ id: 15 }, { id: -1 }, { id: 3 }, { id: 12.2 }]

console.log('Number of Invalid Entries = ', invalidEntries); 
// Number of Invalid Entries = 5

Searching in array

Following example uses filter() to filter array content based on search criteria

var fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'grapes', 'mango', 'orange'];

/**
 * Array filters items based on search criteria (query)
 */
function filterItems(query) {
  return fruits.filter(function(el) {
      return el.toLowerCase().indexOf(query.toLowerCase()) > -1;
  })
}

console.log(filterItems('ap')); // ['apple', 'grapes']
console.log(filterItems('an')); // ['banana', 'mango', 'orange']

ES2015 Implementation

const fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'grapes', 'mango', 'orange'];

/**
 * Array filters items based on search criteria (query)
 */
const filterItems = (query) => {
  return fruits.filter((el) =>
    el.toLowerCase().indexOf(query.toLowerCase()) > -1
  );
}

console.log(filterItems('ap')); // ['apple', 'grapes']
console.log(filterItems('an')); // ['banana', 'mango', 'orange']

Polyfill

filter() was added to the ECMA-262 standard in the 5th edition; as such it may not be present in all implementations of the standard. You can work around this by inserting the following code at the beginning of your scripts, allowing use of filter() in ECMA-262 implementations which do not natively support it. This algorithm is exactly equivalent to the one specified in ECMA-262, 5th edition, assuming that fn.call evaluates to the original value of Function.prototype.bind(), and that Array.prototype.push() has its original value.

if (!Array.prototype.filter){
  Array.prototype.filter = function(func, thisArg) {
    'use strict';
    if ( ! ((typeof func === 'Function' || typeof func === 'function') && this) )
        throw new TypeError();
   
    var len = this.length >>> 0,
        res = new Array(len), // preallocate array
        t = this, c = 0, i = -1;
    if (thisArg === undefined){
      while (++i !== len){
        // checks to see if the key was set
        if (i in this){
          if (func(t[i], i, t)){
            res[c++] = t[i];
          }
        }
      }
    }
    else{
      while (++i !== len){
        // checks to see if the key was set
        if (i in this){
          if (func.call(thisArg, t[i], i, t)){
            res[c++] = t[i];
          }
        }
      }
    }
   
    res.length = c; // shrink down array to proper size
    return res;
  };
}

Specifications

Browser compatibility

See also

• Array.prototype.forEach()
• Array.prototype.every()
• Array.prototype.some()
• Array.prototype.reduce()