X-Content-Type-Options
The X-Content-Type-Options
response HTTP header is a
marker used by the server to indicate that the MIME types advertised in the
Content-Type
headers should be followed and not be changed. The header allows you to avoid MIME type sniffing by saying that the MIME types are deliberately
configured.
This header was introduced by Microsoft in IE 8 as a way for webmasters to block content sniffing that was happening and could transform non-executable MIME types into executable MIME types. Since then, other browsers have introduced it, even if their MIME sniffing algorithms were less aggressive.
Starting with Firefox 72, top-level
documents also avoid MIME sniffing (if Content-type
is provided). This can cause HTML web pages
to be downloaded instead of being rendered when they are served with a MIME type other
than text/html
. Make sure to set both headers correctly.
Site security testers usually expect this header to be set.
Note: X-Content-Type-Options
only apply request-blocking due to nosniff
for request destinations of "script"
and "style"
.
However, it also enables Cross-Origin Read Blocking (CORB) protection for HTML, TXT, JSON and XML files (excluding SVG image/svg+xml
).
Header type | Response header |
---|---|
Forbidden header name | no |
Syntax
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
Directives
nosniff
-
Blocks a request if the request destination is of type
style
and the MIME type is nottext/css
, or of typescript
and the MIME type is not a JavaScript MIME type.
Specifications
Specification |
---|
Fetch Standard # x-content-type-options-header |
Browser compatibility
BCD tables only load in the browser
Browser specific notes
-
Firefox 72 enables
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
for top-level documents
See also
Content-Type
- The original definition of X-Content-Type-Options by Microsoft.
- Use HTTP Observatory to test the security configuration of websites (including this header).
- Mitigating MIME Confusion Attacks in Firefox
- Cross-Origin Read Blocking (CORB)
- Google Docs CORB explainer