Element.getClientRects()

Baseline Widely available

This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since July 2015.

Element.getClientRects() 方法返回一个指向客户端中每一个盒子的边界矩形的矩形集合。

语法

js
getClientRects()

返回值

返回值是 ClientRect 对象集合，该对象是与该元素相关的 CSS 边框。每个 DOMRect 对象以像素为单位描述了边界矩形，这些值是边界矩形的 top-left 相对于视口的 top-left 的。即使当表格的标题在表格的边框外面，该标题仍会被计算在内。

当计算边界矩形时，会考虑视口区域（或其他可滚动元素）内的滚动操作。

返回的矩形不包括任何可能超出元素范围的子元素的边界。

对于 HTML AREA 元素、自身不做任何渲染的 SVG 元素、display：none 元素和不直接渲染出来的任何元素，都将会返回一个空列表。

具有空边框的 CSS 盒子也会返回矩形，此时 left、top、right 和 bottom 坐标仍旧有意义。

小数级别的像素偏移是有可能的。

示例

These examples draw client rects in various colors. Note that the JavaScript function that paints the client rects is connected to the markup via the class withClientRectsOverlay.

HTML

示例 1：HTML 创建了三段带有 <span> 的段落 <p> 并放入 <div> 中。在第二个段落 <p> 上绘制了客户矩形。在第三个段落 <p> 的 <span> 元素上绘制了客户矩形。

html
<h3>A paragraph with a span inside</h3>
<p>
  Both the span and the paragraph have a border set. The client rects are in
  red. Note that the p has only one border box, while the span has multiple
  border boxes.
</p>

<div>
  <strong>Original</strong>
  <p>
    <span>Paragraph that spans multiple lines</span>
  </p>
</div>

<div>
  <strong>p's rect</strong>
  <p class="withClientRectsOverlay">
    <span>Paragraph that spans multiple lines</span>
  </p>
</div>

<div>
  <strong>span's rect</strong>
  <p>
    <span class="withClientRectsOverlay"
      >Paragraph that spans multiple lines</span
    >
  </p>
</div>

示例 2：HTML 创建了 3 个有序列表。在第二个列表的 <ol> 上绘制了客户矩形，在第三个列表的 <li> 上绘制了客户矩形。

html
<h3>A list</h3>
<p>
  Note that the border box doesn't include the number, so neither do the client
  rects.
</p>

<div>
  <strong>Original</strong>
  <ol>
    <li>Item 1</li>
    <li>Item 2</li>
  </ol>
</div>

<div>
  <strong>ol's rect</strong>
  <ol class="withClientRectsOverlay">
    <li>Item 1</li>
    <li>Item 2</li>
  </ol>
</div>

<div>
  <strong>each li's rect</strong>
  <ol>
    <li class="withClientRectsOverlay">Item 1</li>
    <li class="withClientRectsOverlay">Item 2</li>
  </ol>
</div>

示例 3：HTML 创建了两个带有标题的表。第二个表上绘制了客户矩形。

html
<h3>A table with a caption</h3>
<p>
  Although the table's border box doesn't include the caption, the client rects
  do include the caption.
</p>

<div>
  <strong>Original</strong>
  <table>
    <caption>
      caption
    </caption>
    <thead>
      <tr>
        <th>thead</th>
      </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
      <tr>
        <td>tbody</td>
      </tr>
    </tbody>
  </table>
</div>

<div>
  <strong>table's rect</strong>
  <table class="withClientRectsOverlay">
    <caption>
      caption
    </caption>
    <thead>
      <tr>
        <th>thead</th>
      </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
      <tr>
        <td>tbody</td>
      </tr>
    </tbody>
  </table>
</div>

CSS

使用 CSS 给第一举例的每个 div 内部的段落和 span、第二个举例的 ol 和 li 周围、第三个举例 的 table/th/td 元素周围绘制了边框。

css
strong {
  text-align: center;
}
div {
  display: inline-block;
  width: 150px;
}
div p,
ol,
table {
  border: 1px solid blue;
}
span,
li,
th,
td {
  border: 1px solid green;
}

JavaScript

JavaScript 代码为所有带有 widthClientRectsOverlay 样式的元素绘制了 ClientRects。

js
function addClientRectsOverlay(elt) {
  /* Absolutely position a div over each client rect so that its border width
     is the same as the rectangle's width.
     Note: the overlays will be out of place if the user resizes or zooms. */
  const rects = elt.getClientRects();
  for (const rect of rects) {
    const tableRectDiv = document.createElement("div");
    tableRectDiv.style.position = "absolute";
    tableRectDiv.style.border = "1px solid red";
    const scrollTop =
      document.documentElement.scrollTop || document.body.scrollTop;
    const scrollLeft =
      document.documentElement.scrollLeft || document.body.scrollLeft;
    tableRectDiv.style.margin = tableRectDiv.style.padding = "0";
    tableRectDiv.style.top = `${rect.top + scrollTop}px`;
    tableRectDiv.style.left = `${rect.left + scrollLeft}px`;
    // We want rect.width to be the border width, so content width is 2px less.
    tableRectDiv.style.width = `${rect.width - 2}px`;
    tableRectDiv.style.height = `${rect.height - 2}px`;
    document.body.appendChild(tableRectDiv);
  }
}

(() => {
  /* Call function addClientRectsOverlay(elt) for all elements with
     assigned class "withClientRectsOverlay" */
  const elts = document.getElementsByClassName("withClientRectsOverlay");
  for (const elt of elts) {
    addClientRectsOverlay(elt);
  }
})();

结果

规范

Specification
CSSOM View Module
# dom-element-getclientrects

备注

getClientRects() 在 MS IE DHTML 对象模型中首次引入。

浏览器兼容性

参见