handler.has()

Baseline Widely available

This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since September 2016.

The handler.has() method is a trap for the [[HasProperty]] object internal method, which is used by operations such as the in operator.

Try it

const handler1 = {
  has(target, key) {
    if (key[0] === "_") {
      return false;
    }
    return key in target;
  },
};

const monster1 = {
  _secret: "easily scared",
  eyeCount: 4,
};

const proxy1 = new Proxy(monster1, handler1);
console.log("eyeCount" in proxy1);
// Expected output: true

console.log("_secret" in proxy1);
// Expected output: false

console.log("_secret" in monster1);
// Expected output: true

Syntax

new Proxy(target, {
  has(target, property) {
  }
})

Parameters

The following parameters are passed to has() method. this is bound to the handler.

target: The target object.
property: A string or Symbol representing the property name.

Return value

The has() method must return a Boolean indicating whether or not the property exists. Other values are coerced to booleans.

Description

Interceptions

This trap can intercept these operations:

The in operator: foo in proxy
with check: with(proxy) { (foo); }
Reflect.has()

Or any other operation that invokes the [[HasProperty]] internal method.

Invariants

The proxy's [[HasProperty]] internal method throws a TypeError if the handler definition violates one of the following invariants:

A property cannot be reported as non-existent, if it exists as a non-configurable own property of the target object. That is, if Reflect.getOwnPropertyDescriptor() returns configurable: false for the property on target, the trap must return true.
A property cannot be reported as non-existent, if it exists as an own property of the target object and the target object is not extensible. That is, if Reflect.isExtensible() returns false on target, and Reflect.getOwnPropertyDescriptor() returns a property descriptor for the property on target, the trap must return true.

Examples

Trapping the in operator

The following code traps the in operator.

const p = new Proxy(
  {},
  {
    has(target, prop) {
      console.log(`called: ${prop}`);
      return true;
    },
  },
);

console.log("a" in p);
// "called: a"
// true

The following code violates an invariant.

const obj = { a: 10 };
Object.preventExtensions(obj);

const p = new Proxy(obj, {
  has(target, prop) {
    return false;
  },
});

"a" in p; // TypeError is thrown

Specifications

Specification
ECMAScript® 2026 Language Specification # sec-proxy-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-hasproperty-p