Media Capture and Streams API (Media Stream)

The Media Capture and Streams API, often called the Media Streams API or MediaStream API, is an API related to WebRTC which provides support for streaming audio and video data.

It provides the interfaces and methods for working with the streams and their constituent tracks, the constraints associated with data formats, the success and error callbacks when using the data asynchronously, and the events that are fired during the process.

Concepts and usage

The API is based on the manipulation of a MediaStream object representing a flux of audio- or video-related data. See an example in Get the media stream.

A MediaStream consists of zero or more MediaStreamTrack objects, representing various audio or video tracks. Each MediaStreamTrack may have one or more channels. The channel represents the smallest unit of a media stream, such as an audio signal associated with a given speaker, like left or right in a stereo audio track.

MediaStream objects have a single input and a single output. A MediaStream object generated by getUserMedia() is called local, and has as its source input one of the user's cameras or microphones. A non-local MediaStream may be representing a media element, like <video> or <audio>, a stream originating over the network, and obtained via the WebRTC RTCPeerConnection API, or a stream created using the Web Audio API MediaStreamAudioDestinationNode.

The output of the MediaStream object is linked to a consumer. It can be a media element, like <audio> or <video>, the WebRTC RTCPeerConnection API or a Web Audio API MediaStreamAudioSourceNode.

Interfaces

In these reference articles, you'll find the fundamental information you'll need to know about each of the interfaces that make up the Media Capture and Streams API.

Events

Guides and tutorials

The Capabilities, constraints, and settings article discusses the concepts of constraints and capabilities, as well as media settings, and includes a Constraint Exerciser that lets you experiment with the results of different constraint sets being applied to the audio and video tracks coming from the computer's A/V input devices (such as its webcam and microphone).

The Taking still photos with getUserMedia() article shows how to use getUserMedia() to access the camera on a computer or mobile phone with getUserMedia() support and take a photo with it.

Browser compatibility

api.MediaStream

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Firefox for Android
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WebView Android
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MediaStream
MediaStream() constructor
active
active event
Non-standard
addTrack
addtrack event
clone
getAudioTracks
getTrackById
getTracks
getVideoTracks
id
inactive event
Non-standard
removeTrack
removetrack event

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Full support
Full support
Partial support
Partial support
No support
No support
Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.
See implementation notes.
Requires a vendor prefix or different name for use.
Has more compatibility info.

api.MediaStreamTrack

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WebView Android
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MediaStreamTrack
applyConstraints
aspectRatio constraint
autoGainControl constraint
channelCount constraint
deviceId constraint
displaySurface constraint
echoCancellation constraint
facingMode constraint
frameRate constraint
groupId constraint
height constraint
latency constraint
logicalSurface constraint
noiseSuppression constraint
resizeMode constraint
sampleRate constraint
sampleSize constraint
suppressLocalAudioPlayback constraint
Experimental
volume constraint
DeprecatedNon-standard
width constraint
capturehandlechange event
Experimental
clone
contentHint
enabled
ended event
getCapabilities
getCaptureHandle
Experimental
getConstraints
getSettings
id
kind
label
mute event
muted
readyState
stop
unmute event

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Full support
Full support
Partial support
Partial support
No support
No support
Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.
Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.
Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.
See implementation notes.
Requires a vendor prefix or different name for use.
Has more compatibility info.

api.MediaDevices

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MediaDevices
devicechange event
enumerateDevices
getDisplayMedia()
Audio capture support
controller option
Experimental
monitorTypeSurfaces option
Experimental
preferCurrentTab option
ExperimentalNon-standard
selfBrowserSurface option
Experimental
surfaceSwitching option
Experimental
systemAudio option
Experimental
getSupportedConstraints
getUserMedia
Secure context required
selectAudioOutput
Experimental
setCaptureHandleConfig
Experimental

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Full support
Full support
Partial support
Partial support
No support
No support
Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.
Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.
See implementation notes.
Has more compatibility info.

api.MediaDeviceInfo

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MediaDeviceInfo
deviceId
groupId
kind
label
toJSON()

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Full support
Full support
See implementation notes.

api.InputDeviceInfo

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InputDeviceInfo
getCapabilities

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Full support
Full support
No support
No support

api.CanvasCaptureMediaStreamTrack

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CanvasCaptureMediaStreamTrack
canvas
requestFrame

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Full support
Full support
No support
No support
See implementation notes.

See also