CacheStorage
The CacheStorage
interface represents the storage for Cache
(en-US) objects.
The interface:
- Provides a master directory of all the named caches that can be accessed by a
ServiceWorker
(en-US) or other type of worker orwindow
scope (you’re not limited to only using it with service workers, even though the Service Workers spec defines it).Nota: Chrome and Safari only expose
CacheStorage
to the windowed context over HTTPS.window.caches
(en-US) will be undefined unless an SSL certificate is configured. - Maintains a mapping of string names to corresponding
Cache
(en-US) objects.
Use CacheStorage.open()
to obtain a Cache
(en-US) instance.
Use CacheStorage.match()
(en-US) to check if a given Request
is a key in any of the Cache
(en-US) objects that the CacheStorage
object tracks.
You can access CacheStorage
through the global caches
property.
Nota: CacheStorage always rejects with a SecurityError
on untrusted origins (i.e. those that aren't using HTTPS, although this definition will likely become more complex in the future.) When testing, you can get around this by checking the "Enable Service Workers over HTTP (when toolbox is open)" option in the Firefox Devtools options/gear menu.
Nota: CacheStorage.match()
(en-US) is a convenience method. Equivalent functionality to match a cache entry can be implemented by returning an array of cache names from CacheStorage.keys()
, opening each cache with CacheStorage.open()
, and matching the one you want with Cache.match()
(en-US).
Methods
CacheStorage.match()
(en-US)-
Checks if a given
Request
is a key in any of theCache
(en-US) objects that theCacheStorage
object tracks, and returns aPromise
that resolves to that match. CacheStorage.has()
(en-US)-
Returns a
Promise
that resolves totrue
if aCache
(en-US) object matching thecacheName
exists. CacheStorage.open()
-
Returns a
Promise
that resolves to theCache
(en-US) object matching thecacheName
(a new cache is created if it doesn't already exist.) CacheStorage.delete()
(en-US)-
Finds the
Cache
(en-US) object matching thecacheName
, and if found, deletes theCache
(en-US) object and returns aPromise
that resolves totrue
. If noCache
(en-US) object is found, it resolves tofalse
. CacheStorage.keys()
-
Returns a
Promise
that will resolve with an array containing strings corresponding to all of the namedCache
(en-US) objects tracked by theCacheStorage
. Use this method to iterate over a list of all theCache
(en-US) objects.
Examples
This code snippet is from the MDN sw-test example (see sw-test running live.) This service worker script waits for an InstallEvent
(en-US) to fire, then runs waitUntil
(en-US) to handle the install process for the app. This consists of calling CacheStorage.open
to create a new cache, then using Cache.addAll
(en-US) to add a series of assets to it.
In the second code block, we wait for a FetchEvent
to fire. We construct a custom response like so:
- Check whether a match for the request is found in the CacheStorage. If so, serve that.
- If not, fetch the request from the network, then also open the cache created in the first block and add a clone of the request to it using
Cache.put
(en-US) (cache.put(event.request, response.clone())
.) - If this fails (e.g. because the network is down), return a fallback response.
Finally, return whatever the custom response ended up being equal to, using FetchEvent.respondWith
(en-US).
self.addEventListener('install', function(event) {
event.waitUntil(
caches.open('v1').then(function(cache) {
return cache.addAll([
'/sw-test/',
'/sw-test/index.html',
'/sw-test/style.css',
'/sw-test/app.js',
'/sw-test/image-list.js',
'/sw-test/star-wars-logo.jpg',
'/sw-test/gallery/bountyHunters.jpg',
'/sw-test/gallery/myLittleVader.jpg',
'/sw-test/gallery/snowTroopers.jpg'
]);
})
);
});
self.addEventListener('fetch', function(event) {
event.respondWith(caches.match(event.request).then(function(response) {
// caches.match() always resolves
// but in case of success response will have value
if (response !== undefined) {
return response;
} else {
return fetch(event.request).then(function (response) {
// response may be used only once
// we need to save clone to put one copy in cache
// and serve second one
let responseClone = response.clone();
caches.open('v1').then(function (cache) {
cache.put(event.request, responseClone);
});
return response;
}).catch(function () {
return caches.match('/sw-test/gallery/myLittleVader.jpg');
});
}
}));
});
This snippet shows how the API can be used outside of a service worker context, and uses the await
operator for much more readable code.
// Try to get data from the cache, but fall back to fetching it live.
async function getData() {
const cacheVersion = 1;
const cacheName = `myapp-${ cacheVersion }`;
const url = 'https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/todos/1';
let cachedData = await getCachedData( cacheName, url );
if ( cachedData ) {
console.log( 'Retrieved cached data' );
return cachedData;
}
console.log( 'Fetching fresh data' );
const cacheStorage = await caches.open( cacheName );
await cacheStorage.add( url );
cachedData = await getCachedData( cacheName, url );
await deleteOldCaches( cacheName );
return cachedData;
}
// Get data from the cache.
async function getCachedData( cacheName, url ) {
const cacheStorage = await caches.open( cacheName );
const cachedResponse = await cacheStorage.match( url );
if ( ! cachedResponse || ! cachedResponse.ok ) {
return false;
}
return await cachedResponse.json();
}
// Delete any old caches to respect user's disk space.
async function deleteOldCaches( currentCache ) {
const keys = await caches.keys();
for ( const key of keys ) {
const isOurCache = 'myapp-' === key.substr( 0, 6 );
if ( currentCache === key || ! isOurCache ) {
continue;
}
caches.delete( key );
}
}
try {
const data = await getData();
console.log( { data } );
} catch ( error ) {
console.error( { error } );
}
Especificaciones
Specification |
---|
Service Workers # cachestorage-interface |
Compatibilidad con navegadores
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