IDBIndex

Baseline Widely available

This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since September 2021.

IndexedDB API 中的 IDBIndex 接口提供了异步获取数据库中一个index的功能。index 是一种用于在另一个 object store 中查找记录的 object store，其被称为被引用的 object store。你可以通过使用该接口来取回数据。

你可以通过记录的键或使用一个 index 取回一个 object store 中的这些记录 (cursors 提供了第三种方式：请见 IDBCursor)。一个 index 可以让你在 object store 的 records 中，通过使用 records 的 properties（属性）来寻找 records。

index 是一个持久的键 - 值存储，其中其记录的值部分是被引用 object store 中的 record 的关键部分。在 object store 中新增、更新或是删除 records 时，索引中的 records 将自动填充。索引中的每条记录只能指向其引用的 object store 中的唯一一条记录，但是多个索引可以引用同一个 object store。当 object store 变更时，所有引用 object store 的索引都会自动更新。

索引中的 records 总是按照 records 的 key 进行排序。然而，不像 object stores，一个给定的 index 可以包含具有相同 key 的多条记录。这些 records 将根据被引用 object store 中的主键进一步排序。

你可以设置在一个范围内的 key，点击这里查看更多： IDBKeyRange.

Methods

Inherits from: EventTarget

IDBIndex.count: Returns an IDBRequest object, and in a separate thread, returns the number of records within a key range.
IDBIndex.get: Returns an IDBRequest object, and, in a separate thread, finds either the value in the referenced object store that corresponds to the given key or the first corresponding value, if key is a key range.
IDBIndex.getAll 非标准: Instantly retrieves all objects inside an IDBObjectStore, setting them as the result of the request object.
IDBIndex.getKey: Returns an IDBRequest object, and, in a separate thread, finds either the given key or the primary key, if key is a key range.
IDBIndex.getAllKeys 非标准: Instantly retrieves the keys of all objects inside an IDBObjectStore, setting them as the result of the request object.
IDBIndex.openCursor: Returns an IDBRequest object, and, in a separate thread, creates a cursor over the specified key range.
IDBIndex.openKeyCursor 非标准: Returns an IDBRequest object, and, in a separate thread, creates a cursor over the specified key range, as arranged by this index.

Properties

IDBIndex.name 只读: index 的名称。
IDBIndex.objectStore 只读: index 所指向的 object store 的名称。
IDBIndex.keyPath 只读: 此 index 的关键路径。它如果为 null，则 index 不是自动填充的。
IDBIndex.multiEntry 只读: 影响 index 的 key 路径的计算结果生成数组时索引的行为方式。如果为 true，那么对于 key 数组中的每一项，索引中都有一条记录。如果为 false，那么对于数组中的每个 key 都有一条记录。
IDBIndex.unique 只读: 如果为 true，这个 index 不会允许 key 有重复值。

Examples

Opening a transaction then using get() to retrieve an object of known key:

// Let us open our database
var request = window.indexedDB.open("toDoList", 4);

// these two event handlers act on the database being opened successfully, or not
request.onerror = function(event) {
  note.innerHTML += '<li>Error loading database.</li>';
};

request.onsuccess = function(event) {
note.innerHTML += '<li>Database initialised.</li>';

// store the result of opening the database in the db variable.
db = request.result;

// Open a transaction on the current database and get a reference to the object store
//that we want to pull information out of
var transaction = db.transaction(["toDoList"]);
var objectStore = transaction.objectStore("toDoList");

// Use get() to get a specific object from the object store, the key of which is "Walk dog"
var request = objectStore.get("Walk dog");
request.onerror = function(event) {
  console.log("There is no record stored for " + request.result.taskTitle);
};
request.onsuccess = function(event) {
  // Do something with the request.result!
  console.log("The deadline time for " + request.result.taskTitle + " is " +
              request.result.hours + ":" + request.result.minutes + ".";
};

备注： need to work out a way to retrieve a series/range of objects using an index, or just all of them. Is this possible with get, or is this a job for cursor?

Specifications

Specification
Indexed Database API 3.0 # index-interface

Browser compatibility

BCD tables only load in the browser